Targeting MAPK Pathways: Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Human Disease

A vital protein kinase, known as the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), they be instrumental for controlling cellular tasks ranging from dividing, growing, and staying alive. This review gives a brief idea at the pathogenic involvement of MAPK signaling pathways in many human ailments. Dysregulated ERK1/2 activity in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) accelerates disease development by influencing gene transcription and cell proliferation. Tumor development and metastasis are encouraged by prolonged MEK-ERK signaling gives rise to mutations in Ras and B-Raf within the ERK pathway in cancer. Function of ERK in tumor survival is highlighted by its phosphorylation of proteins including MCL-1 and BIM; sorafenib, a Raf inhibitor, has therapeutic promise. For glucose triggered insulin release and gene transcription in pancreatic promote beta cells, ERK1/2 activation is essential in diabetes mellitus. Beta cell death is encouraged and insulin gene transcription is hampered by chronic hyperglycemia’s disruption of ERK1/2 signaling.