1Department of Zoology, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
2Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
3Department of Science, Faculty of Humanities Liberal Arts and Social Sciences, Alliance University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
*Corresponding Author E-mail: amit.gupta@jammuuniversity.ac.in
Online published on 31 March, 2026.
Plants are rich in bioactive compounds and play an important role in the development of novel medications. In this study, lemon samples had been collected from different regions in the Jammu area, and their antioxidant and antibacterial qualities, and additionally their phenolic and flavonoid content, were explored. The purpose of this study was to determine the phenolic, flavonoid, antioxidant and antimicrobial content of a lemon peel extract. In order to achieve this objective, the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminium chloride approaches was employed for calculating the overall amount of phenolic and flavonoid compounds of the lemon peel. The DPPH (2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging technique was used to measure the antioxidant activity. Furthermore, antibacterial activity of lemon peel was assessed using the disc diffusion technique. From these studies, the results showed that the content of phenols and flavonoid ranged from 218.12 to 678.22 mg GAE/g and 8.06 to 171.37 mg quercetin/g, respectively. Its antioxidant activity of lemon peel was found to be greater, ranging from 24.49 to 65.71 mg AAE/g sample. Additionally, they demonstrated equal efficacy to the reference antibiotic i.e. Gentamicin and lemon peel of variable concentrations which showed maximum inhibition zones for Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli.
Lemon peel, Phenolic, Flavonoid, Antioxidant, Antimicrobial
