Evaluation of antibacterial efficacy of SDF, sodium fluoride varnish and Neem Silver Nanoparticle varnish on Streptococcus mutan in caries prevention

Still one of the most common chronic illnesses worldwide is dental caries. Materials based on fluoride can help to prevent carious lesions. Silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has recently been demonstrated to be an effective caries arresting therapy. To assess the antibacterial efficiency of SDF, sodium fluoride varnish and Silver Nanoparticle varnish on streptococcus mutan in caries prevention. In this in vitro investigation, Streptococcus mutans monospecies biofilm was inoculated into 33 saliva-coated dentine blocks that were taken from extracted primary molar teeth with deep carious lesion. Eight times per day for six days, 10% sucrose in brain-heart infusion broth was given to the biofilms. Then dentine blocks (n=11 per group) were treated with one of the following chemical agents following the biofilm formation period as: Group A- 38 % silver diamine fluoride (SDF), Group B- 5% sodium fluoride (Na F) varnish, and Group C- Neem Silver Nanoparticle varnish (SNF). After 48 hours of incubation at 37ºC, the samples were analysed to determine how many live microorganisms were present in the biofilms and also zone of inhibition for each test materials. After being treated with SDF and the Silver Nanoparticle varnish product, Streptococcus mutans was dramatically reduced (p<0.05). Conversely, SDF indicated highest antibacterial action followed by Neem Silver Nanoparticles varnish and least with sodium fluoride varnish (p<0.05).Compared to sodium fluoride varnish, SDF exhibits greater antibacterial effect against the cariogenic Streptococcus mutans biofilm. The Neem Silver Nanoparticle varnish antibacterial activity is equally effective and can be suggested to use.