The efficacy of Metaverse-assisted Therapy for Cognitive and Physical Health Impairments: A Mini Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Cognitive and physical health impairments such as mild cognitive impairment (MCI), cerebral palsy (CP), and low back pain (LBP) significantly impact individuals, healthcare systems, and society with traditional therapies often facing limitations in efficacy, adverse effects, costs, and accessibility. Metaverse is a virtual tech platform that offers innovative, immersive, and interactive environments that enhance therapeutic outcomes. This study comprehensively reviewed the efficacy of metaverse-assisted interventions for improving cognitive and physical health in individuals with MCI, CP, and LBP. A comprehensive literature search identified 47 studies with 3 RCTs meeting the inclusion criteria. All the studies showed significant improvements in cognitive functions, motor skills, and pain management. Specifically, metaverse therapies helped improve the MMSE-KC scores in MCI patients, enhanced gross motor function in CP patients, and reduced pain, anxiety, and depression in LBP patients. The combined analysis indicated a significant overall effect favoring the metaverse-assisted therapy or rehabilitation (SMD: -1.20, 95% CI: -1.48s to -0.93). The findings of this review support integrating metaverse technologies into standardized treatment protocols to enhance the patient engagement, adherence, and outcomes. Continued study is highly required to optimize these virtual interventions and fully realize their transformative potential in healthcare.