Differences in the Effects of Topical and Systemic Lactobacillus Casei Shirota Probiotics on Plasma Cell and Macrophage Numbers in Traumatic Ulcer Healing in Wistar Rats (Rattus Norvegicus)

Probiotics are living microorganisms that can provide health advantages. A popular probiotic called Lactobacillus casei can affect the immune response by increasing the number of macrophages and mast cells involved in the healing of traumatic ulcers. This study aims to investigate how administering Lactobacillus casei Shirota probiotics locally and systemically affects the amount of plasma cells and macrophages throughout the Wistar rats’ healing of traumatic ulcers. The experiment involved 36 healthy male Wistar rats, weighing between 175-250g and aged 2-3 months. The labial area of the inferior incisor arch was traumatized by a hot round-tip burner. The topical group received 10.9 x 107cells/kg body weight of topical probiotics for the same length as the control group, which received 20 L/20g of distilled water over 3 and 7 days. For 3 and 7 days, the oral probiotics group received up to 10.9 × 107 probiotic cells/kg body weight. Using HE analysis, the quantity of macrophages and plasma cells was counted. Tukey’s HSD test revealed a significant difference between the 3-day topical and 3-day systemic groups in the number of plasma cells (p=0.000) and macrophages (p=0.005). The number of plasma cells (p=0.000) and macrophages (p=0.000) significantly differed between the 7-day topical and systemic groups. The quantity of plasma cells and macrophages in Wistar rats during the healing of traumatic ulcers differs depending on whether the probiotic Lactobacillus casei Shirota is delivered locally or systemically.