Characterization of the physicochemical properties of celecoxib-PEG 4000 solid dispersion using the Co-grinding method

Class II of the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) is where celecoxib, a medication belonging to the Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAID) class, is categorized due to its high permeability and low water solubility. Using polyethylene glycol (PEG) 4000 to create a solid dispersion of celecoxib, this study attempts to characterize and accelerate the rate of celecoxib's dissolution. The solid dispersion was generated using the co-grinding process with formula ratios of 1:9, 2:8, 3:7, and 4:6. Sample characterisation was carried out using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform InfraRed (FT-IR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). Using 0.1 N hydrochloric acid (HCl) medium, the dissolution rate for celecoxib, physical mixture, solid dispersion of formulas 1:9, 2:8, 3:7, and 4:6 was measured. The solid disperse had an irregular particle shape, according to the results of the SEM study; there was no wave number shift, according to FT-IR; the intensity of the degree of crystallinity decreased in XRD; and the melting point decreased in DSC. In the dissolution test, the proportion of pure celecoxib that had dissolved after 60 minutes was 55.58%; for the physical combination, it was 60.26%; for the solid dispersion formula, it was 1:9 69.94%, 2:8 65.74%, 3:7 66.94%, and 4:6 66.72%. The analysis results show that the formation of a solid dispersion of celecoxib - PEG 4000 can improve the physicochemical properties and increase the dissolution rate of celecoxib.