Mucoadhesive In Situ Gel of Probiotic for the Management of Bacterial Vaginosis: A Review

Bacterial vaginosis is the most common disease of vagina in the women reproductive age. In the United States, 30% of women who are childbearing age have bacterial vaginosis, a common vaginal infection that reoccurs in 20% to 30% of cases following first treatment. Depletion of important lactobacillus spp., a high species diversity of bacteria, and elevated loads of facultative anaerobes including Atopobium vaginae and Gardnerella vaginalis are characteristics of bacterial vaginosis (BV). In situ gel can be useful for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis as it offers a number of benefits, the most significant of which is its capacity to administer drugs consistently and reliably without compromising visual clarity. Restoring vaginal health with in situ lactobacillus treatment has considerable potential. Consequently, this study provides a quick summary of in situ gel probiotic therapy in combination with mucoadhesive polymer and thermo-responsive polymer for its behaviour and advances in vaginal delivery. This process enhances maximum pharmaceutical potency, duration, penetration, and bioavailability.