The Protective effect of Curcumin Analogs of PGV-5, HGV-5, THPGV-5, and THHGV-5 on UV A-Induced Human Dermal Fibroblasts

Ultra violet A (UV A) rays from sunshine exposure can harm skin and have negative effects such as skin photoaging. The exposure can also increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause wrinkles, a loss of skin tone, flexibility and skin cancer. These conditions may necessitate additional attention to the skin’s health such as applying a cream to the skin. A research to screen agents with protective effect from UV is a crucial undertaking. One of the agents with the effects comes from the chemical curcumin. The purpose of this study is to assess potential of curcumin analogs against the intracellular ROS buildup caused by UV A in human dermal fibroblasts (HDF). Four curcumin analogs (PGV-5, HGV-5, THPGV-5, and THHGV-5) will be assessed in their skin-protective potential in this study. Cell line culture of HDFs was first treated with curcumin analogs at various concentrations for two hours, and then they were exposed to 3 J/cm² UVA radiation in order to investigate this effect. Cell viability was measured using the MTT assay. The measured effective concentration that can protect the cells was utilized for intracellular ROS investigation using a method namely flow cytometry-DCFDA. Statistical analysis with a 95% confidence interval was used to analysis the data. It was demonstrated that there were cytoprotective effects of PGV-5, HGV-5, THPGV-5, and THHGV-5 on HDFs stimulated by 3 J/cm² UVA. Following the UV A irradiation, these compounds in the concentration range of 1–4μM can keep HDF viability over 90%. HDFs can be shielded from the buildup of intracellular ROS by 1µM the curcumin analogs. According to this finding, the curcumin analogs are more protected than vitamin E and curcumin. Due to this potency, the curcumin analogs could be proposed as potential active components in cytoprotective agents.