Detection of Antioxidant Properties using TLC-Bioautography Technique, Inhibitor Tyrosinase Activity and Anti-toxicity against B16F10 and Vero Cells from Extracts of Marine Sponge

The objective of this research was to evaluate the bioactive components of chloroform (CHCl₃) and ethanol (EtOH) extracts from marine sponges (Stylotella sp., Agelas dispar, Neopetrosia sp., Aaptos sp., Haliclona sp.) using TLC-bioautography technique, inhibitor tyrosinase activity, and anti-toxicity against B16F10 melanoma and Vero cells line. TLC studies used solvent systems as mobile phases to identify active antioxidant agents. The inhibitory activity of tyrosinase was assessed using a colorimetric technique, and MTT [3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, a tetrazole] was used to analyze the viability of B16F10 and Vero cells treated with various concentrations (15.63-1000μg/mL) of marine sponge extracts. TLC bioautography analysis utilizing different polarity mobile phases separated different bands from tested marine sponge CHCl₃ and EtOH extracts with antioxidant activity. Polar substances in CHCl₃ and EtOH extracts of marine sponges contributed significantly to their antioxidant activity. The data showed that marine sponge Neopetrosia sp. and Aaptos sp. could reduce tyrosinase activity, and extracts at 15.63-1000μg/mL concentrations did not show substantial toxicity against B16F10 and Vero cells. Complex substances were proposed to be responsible for the antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitor activity of Neopetrosia sp. and Aaptos sp. extracts. Data shows that marine sponges Neopetrosia sp. and Aaptos sp. might contain attractive antioxidants and tyrosinase inhibitors.