Ribosome inactivating protein in medicinal plant (Bryonia)

Ribosome-inactivating proteins have been discovered in bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants (RIPs). Because of N-glycosylase activity, RIPs cleavage adenine residues at a conserved site on the 28S rRNA.The cleavage of this single N-glycoside bond inhibits protein synthesis because it interferes with the elongation factors’ ability to associate with the ribosome. MAP30 is an anti-HIV plant protein from bitter melon. It has anti-tumor properties, topological inactivation of viral DNA, suppression of viral integrase, and cell-free ribosome inactivation. Riproximin was used to treat colorectal cancer. Riproximin is isolated from Ximenia Americana which is a type 2 RIP. MAP30 has more therapeutic potential than other RIPs since it is not only effective against HSV and HIV infection and replication, but it is also nontoxic to normal cells. Ribosome-inactivating proteins to obtain resistance against fungal pathogens are based on the ability of some RIPs to depurinate the ribosome of various fungi. Soybean toxin (SBTX) is a toxin produced by soybeans that is harmful to pathogenic fungi and yeast.