Experimental Evaluation of Hepatoprotective Effect of the Roots of Calotropis gigantean and betel leaf Extract in Wistar rats Against Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Hepatic Damage

Liver diseases are a significant global health concern, with hepatotoxicity being one of the primary causes of liver damage. Current treatments for liver diseases often have limited efficacy and may cause adverse effects, highlighting the need for effective and safer alternatives. Traditional medicine has long utilized plant-based remedies for liver disorders, with numerous plants exhibiting promising hepatoprotective properties.

To evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of the roots of Calotropis gigantea and betel leaf extract in Wistar rats subjected to carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄)-induced hepatic damage.

Hepatotoxicity was induced with subcutaneous injection of CCl₄ in wistar rats. The experimental groups were treated with extracts of Calotropis gigantea roots in low and high dose and betel leaves for 21 days. The hepatoprotective potential of these extracts was assessed through biochemical markers such as serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and bilirubin levels. Histopathological examination of liver tissues was also performed to corroborate the biochemical findings.

Significant reduction in serum ALT, AST, ALP, and bilirubin levels in the groups treated with Calotropis gigantea and betel leaf extracts compared to the CCl4 control group was observed, suggesting a protective effect against hepatic damage. Histopathological analysis revealed improved liver architecture with reduced necrosis and inflammation in the drug treated groups.

The findings of the study suggest that Calotropis gigantea roots and betel leaf extracts in combination could serve as effective natural remedies for liver damage, offering a promising alternative to conventional hepatoprotective drugs.