A Systematic Review on Phytoconstituents and Therapeutic activites of Urtica dioica

Natural plant products are becoming increasingly popular due to the growing disease. Urtica dioica belongs to family Urticaceae commonly known as stinging nettle, is a perennial herb with a rich history of traditional medicinal use that is now supported by growing scientific interest. This unassuming plant is a veritable treasure trove of bioactive compounds, including saponins, phytosterols, flavonoids, proteins, tannins, and amino acids. This complex phytochemical profile underpins the plant’s diverse pharmacological actions. Beyond its traditional applications, contemporary research has unveiled the potential of nettle as a potent antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory agent. Its immunomodulatory, analgesic, hepatoprotective, antiviral, anti-hypertensive, and even anticancer properties have captured the attention of the scientific community. As such, nettle stands as a promising candidate for the development of novel therapeutic interventions. The current review summarizes information about the Photochemistry and therapeutic activities of U. dioica.