Antidiabetic Potential and Mechanism of Action Exploration of Sulawesi Ethnopharmacological Agents: In vitro Screening

The research involved the extraction and in vitro screening of bioactive compounds from several plant samples. The extraction process yielded the following extract percentages: Antidesma bunius (2.28%), Cordia myxa (1.93%), Syzygium cumini (1.87%), and Syzygium malacense (2.97%). Subsequently, each sample was fractionated using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The extracts and fractions were then tested in vitro for their inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase enzyme using a microplate reader. The findings revealed that all extracts demonstrated notable inhibitory activity, with IC₅₀ values of 5.66 ppm, 6.03 ppm, 6.17 ppm, and 6.13 ppm respectively. Importantly, these values are lower than the IC₅₀ of the standard drug, Acarbose (6.85 ppm), highlighting the superior α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of the plant extracts. This indicates their promise as natural antidiabetic agents.