Effect of Quercetin-Succinic Acid Cocrystal Formation Using Freeze-Drying Technique on Solubility and Dissolution Rate

Quercetin is a drug that is included in the Biopharmaceutical Classification System (BCS) class two with low solubility and high permeability. One effort that can be made to increase the solubility of drugs in water is by forming cocrystals. The aim of this research is to determine the characteristics of succinic acid quercetin cocrystals, increase solubility and dissolution rate. This research was carried out using the freeze-drying method with a ratio of 1:1 mol. The characterization carried out included X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR). Solubility tests and dissolution profile determination were carried out. The results of characterization using XRD showed that there was a new peak in the quercetin-succinic acid cocrystal at an angle of 2θ at an angle of 12.5011°. DSC shows a decrease in the melting point. FT-IR shows that there is no wave number shift. Quercetin in cocrystalline form increased in solubility by 3 times, with a solubility result of 1.179 mg/mL and the dilution profile increased by 1.4 times, with a dissolution efficiency of 28.550%. In general, the preparation of quercetin-succinic acid cocrystals can improve the physicochemical properties, as well as increase the solubility and dissolution rate of quercetin.