Analysis of Compound content in Bark, Fruit and Leaves of Listea cubeba (LOUR.) Pers using HRMS: Antioxidant and Cytotoxic activity against B16F10, 3T3 and Vero Cells

Research on the antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of Litsea cubeba (LC) extracts on B1610, 3T3, and Vero cell lines has been conducted. This study also analyzed the compound content of LC peel, fruit, and leaf extracts using the HRMS method. This research is expected to determine the most potent and safe extract for use as a cosmetic agent, specifically a whitening agent from the Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers plant. The results showed that using the DPPH and BCB methods, the LC leaf extract provided the most substantial IC₅₀ results. Using the ABTS method, the most substantial results were obtained from the LC fruit extract. Compared with other LC cell parts, the LC leaf extract had the highest potential cytotoxic activity with an IC₅₀ value of 35.81±1.85µg/ml. The SI values of 8.48 and 12.73, respectively, indicate that the extract is more selective against B16F10 melanoma cells than normal Vero and 3T3 cells. HRMS results showed that the extracts from the three LC parts contained approximately 600-650 compounds. There were similarities in the compound content, namely 9-Oxo-10(E), 12(E)-octadecadienoate, and (-)-Caryophyllene oxide, which were in the range of 0.5-1.4%. The LC bark extract gave a selectivity index <1, possibly due to the high content of the toxic compound gaxsolidine (7.78%).