Anti-Inflammatory Activity Test of 70% Ethanol Extract of Bawang Dayak Leaves (Eleutherine americana) in Carrageenan-Induced White Rats (Rattus norvegicus L.)

As a traditional medicine to treat wounds and pain, bawang dayak leaves are widely used by the community. Bawang dayak leaves have anti-inflammatory effects because they contain flavonoid compounds (naphthoquinone and its derivatives), alkaloids and tannins. This research aims to test the anti-inflammatory effects of bawang dayak leaves 70% ethanol extract in male white rats that had a carrageenan induction. The anti-inflammatory activity test was performed in 5 test groups, namely the 1% Sodium CMC suspension group (negative control), the 6.3mg/kgBW diclofenac sodium group (positive control), and 3 groups at an extract dose of 240mg/kgBW, 480mg/kgBW and 960mg/kgBW. The parameters observed in this study were the reduction in swelling volume of rats paw pads after administration of 0.3ml of 1% carrageenan induction over an observation period of 8hours. The results obtained from the average percentage of edema at the 8th hour were the CMC-Na suspension group of 46.02%, diclofenac sodium of 1.46%, bawang dayak leaves ethanol extract with a dose of 240mg/kgBW showed 2.34%, at a dose of 480mg/kgBW showed 10.48% and at a dose of 960mg/kgBW showed 22.95%. Statistical test with one-way ANOVA showed significant differences between CMC Na control group, diclofenac sodium control group and 240mg/kg BW dose group. From these results, it can be concluded that bawang dayak leaves 70% ethanol extract has anti-inflammatory activity.