Enhanced Callus Induction and Regeneration of Bangladeshi Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars through Use of Plant Growth Regulators

An efficient protocol on callus induction (CI) and its subsequent regeneration (PR) systems has been standardized for four wheat varieties viz. ‘Balaka’, ‘Bijoy’, ‘Kheri’ and ‘Prodip’ in Bangladesh. Nine plant growth regulators (PGRs) either single or in combination were assessed for callus formation and plant regeneration. The cultivar ‘Bijoy’ proved superior in CI (82.4%) with the application of 2, 4-D 2.5 mg/l + NAA 0.5 mg/l while least CI (28.7%) was observed in cv. ‘Balaka’ when treated with 2, 4-D (2.0 mg/l). Highest plant regeneration (63.4%) was observed in cv. ‘Bijoy’ when treated with BAP 2.5 mg/l + kinetin 0.5 mg/l and least in cv. ‘Balaka’ (20.3%) when treated with BAP (0.5 mg/l) + kinetin (3.5 mg/l). Maximum rooting (number) was noticed in cv. ‘Bijoy’ (5.21) in ½MS + 0.5 mg IAA/l medium and minimum in cv. ‘Prodip’ (3.12) in MS + 0.5 mg IAA/l medium. The cultivar ‘Bijoy’ had longer roots (3.42 cm) while cv. ‘Prodip’ had shorter roots (1.25 cm). Varieties showed significant variations in CI, PR, root length and number of roots at P < 0.05.