I-System: Index of ground-structure definition, applications, and utilisation in design/practice

An optimised geotechnical/geomechanical design approach includes empirical, analytical, seismic, and observational stages. Empirical and observational parts of the design are very important in initiation of the approach and in finalisation of the judgements containing the derivation of the ground behaviour, identification of ground hazards, and determination of support systems. Nowadays engineering classifications are main part of the empirical/observational stages of the design for human built structures in ground; though, they have limitations in application. I-System is a new classification that is developed to cross the limitations that are involved with other empirical classifications. It is smartly applicable for any types of civil/mining/oil/gas structures in ground comprehensively including but not limited to abutments of bridges/dams, caverns, deep/shallow foundations, galleries, metro stations, shafts, slopes, trenches, tunnels (any type or method), wells, etc. It considers easily derivable geomechanical, geotechnical, geostructural, geophysical, geohydrological, geometrical, and dynamic properties and configuration of ground in relation to the structure together with the method of excavation/construction. It is based on over 22 years’ research and verification in design and construction of surface, semi surface, and subsurface/underground structures in any ground medium irrespective of being rock and/or soil.