Effect of Plant Extracts on Activity and Mortality of Second-Stage Juveniles of Root-knot Nematode, Meloidogyne javanica

The effects of aqueous plant extracts viz., Sorghum concentrations (2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 15.0, 20.0, and 25.0 ppm) and latex of Calotropis procera (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5%) on the activity and mortality of second-stage juveniles of M. javanica were tested in vitro. Both plant extracts reduced the activity and induced the mortality of the nematode. With Sorghum extracts, the mortality increased with the increase of exposure time and concentration. Highest mortality (100%) occurred at 20 ppm with in 48 h and lowest (13%) at 2.5 ppm with in 24 h. No mortality was observed at 2.5 ppm with in 12 h and in control treatment. C. procera resulted in more than 50% immobility in all tested concentrations at 36 and 48 h, respectively and maximum mortality (47%) was found at 4 and 5% within 48 h. There is great potential for plant extracts application system to be used as an effective and sustainable management option to control M. javanica.