Simulated acid rain (SAR) exposure caused adverse effect on all morphological, biochemical and leaf epidermal parameters of wheat var. HD-2329. Plant growth (length, fresh wt. and dry wt. of shoot and root; tillers no., leaf area) and yield parameters (ear length, no. of grains/ear and wt. of 100 grains) were suppressed significantly at all levels of SAR (pH 3.0, 4.0 and 5.0) and highest suppressions were reduced at pH 3.0 level compared to control. Similarly, photosynthetic pigments (chla, chl b, total chl and carotenoids), seed carbohydrate (soluble and insoluble), seed protein (soluble and insoluble) as well as leaf epidermal parameters (no. length, width of stomata and stomatal aperture; no. and length of trichomes) were also decreased significantly with the increase of acidity levels.
Biochemicals, leaf characters, simulated acid rain, yield
