Production of Bioethanol by Banana and Orange Peel using Sacchromyces cerevisiae

Pollution and fuel crisis are two major problem of developing India. Bioethanol maybe used as alternative of fossil fuel. Bioethanol is free of sulphur and its carbon is of vegetable origin, it does not contribute the global warming. Banana and orange peels is choosen in the present study due to their easy and whole year availability. Collected fruit peels were dried and converted into fine power, followed by pretreatment and delignification. Removal of lignin is necessary for cellulose to become easily available for enzymatic action of cellulase. The enzymatic hydrolysis of both pretreated substrates was done with cellulase that depolymerized cellulose to monomeric glucose, and finally to ethanol. Bioethanol production ability of S. cerevisiae was estimated under variable condition of temperature, pH and incubation time optimal to determined the best optimal condition of bioethanol production using banana and orange peels. S. cerevisiae exhibit maximum yield of bioethanol at 40°C, 4.07% (v/v) for orange peel and at 30°C, 2.86% (v/v) for banana peel. S. cerevisiae exhibit maximum yield of bioethanol after 48 hours of incubation for orange peel and after 72 hours of incubation on banana peel. Produced bioethanol purification was done through fractional distillation. Specific gravity and Iodine values were determined for best optimal conditions to check the purity of bioethanol produced.