Major Fungal Flora of Soybean in North Karnataka and their Biological Control

The present study was carried out to determine fungal flora of soybean collected from four Northern Karnataka districts (10 samples). These were assessed by blotter and agar plate method. It was observed that totally eleven fungi were associated with seed sample collected from different localities. Mycoflora encountered on soybean seeds were Macrophomina phaseoli, Fusarium oxysporum, F. moniliformae, F solani, Aspergillus flavus, A niger, Phoma spp, Botrytis cinerea, Sclerotinia sclrotium, Cerospora kikuchi and Rhizophus spp. Frequen samplescy of mycoflora (I e percent incidence) was more in storage samples followed by market samples. Among storage sample. MARS Raichur sample showed highest(50%) mycoflora and was significantly superior, followed by AC pBhamarayanagudi sample (37.5%). Among the market samples APMC Raichur sample showed high number of mygoflora (29%) and in harvested Field samples collected Gulbarga sample showed highest number of mycoflora (27.5%) followed by B'gudi (27%) and Aurad sample (26.5%) with lowest percentage of seed germination, Seed germination percentage was increased with decrease in mycofloral load on seed. Among the bioagents tested against major mycoflora of soybean, all the bioagents found effective against M. phaseolina and showed more than 65% of inhibition. Raichur isolate of T harzianum showed 83.33% inhibition and was significantly superior.