Performance Evaluation of IC Engine Using Biodiesel

An experiment carried out the performance evaluation of IC engine using biodiesel. The physical and chemical properties were determined at different blends of biodiesel with HSD and analysis the performance of IC engine using preheated inlet air by the exhaust gas on diesel engine with optimised temperature. The calorific value of the fuel decreased as the blends increased, however kinematic viscosity, specific gravity, flash and fire point, cloud and pour point and carbon residue increased comparable with HSD. HSD had no FFA and acid value; as the percentage of biodiesel blends increasedFFA and acid value increased. The effect of preheating inlet air by exhaust gas on diesel engine performance and exhaust emission characteristic with different blends of biodiesel at different loads. Result indicated thatbreak power of engine increased for B20 and B40 blends compared to HSD but incase of B60, brake power decreased. Brake specific fuel consumption for B20 and B40 decreased and for B60 was increased compared to HSD. Brake thermal efficiency (BTE) increased for all the fuel samples tested. Volumetric efficiency was decreased as the load increasedbut for B20 it was closer to that of HSD at no load condition. Comparatively better overall engine performance was found higher load condition with the new set up. Emission characteristics resulted that; the load increased, carbon monoxide emission decreased initially and further it increased as the load increased. Almost all the blends of biodiesel with dieselshowed lower emission of CO₂ in comparison with HSD on entire range of loads. NO_x emission for all blends of biodiesel is comparatively lower than that of HSD at different load. The reduction in emissions with the new set up may be due to significant reduction in ignition delay and better combustion because of higher inlet air temperature for medium load. Also the cost of dual fuel can be considerable reduced than HSD.