Assessment of Genetic Diversity among Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Cultivars Through SSR Markers and SDS-PAGE

Genetic diversity among ten wheat cultivars analyzed at molecular level with the support of leaf protein profile by using SDS-PAGE. On the basis of banding pattern of leaf proteins were sketched by which molecular weight of all bands was evaluated and found to be ranged from 3.5 kDa to 29 kDa. Leaf protein profile was very constant demonstrating no variation in polypeptide bands among the wheat cultivars. In SSR analysis, a total of 36 alleles were identified showing 23 polymorphic with an average of 1.05 alleles per locus by 20 SSR markers. Based on SSR analysis, genetic diversity ranked as genome A>genome B>genome D specifying 11, 7 and 5 polymorphic bands, respectively. Furthermore, chromosomes 2A, 3A, 1B and 4D showed more diversity compared to chromosomes 1A, 7B, 3D and 5D. As a result, genetically diverse parents can be used as useful genetic resource for genetic research and wheat improvement.