Cadmium Induced Nephrotoxicity: Advances and Perspectives

Cadmium (Cd) is among the most toxic heavy metals present in our environment which has a strong binding with the body proteins and can circulate in the body having easy access to all the body organs, especially to the kidney. Kidney encounters chronic exposure to the Cd. Cd destroy all the basic organs of the body i.e.; lungs, pancreas, liver, nervous system and kidney. Kidney is involved inthe removal of toxic waste materials from the body so kidney is more prone to the Cd toxicity as compared to all other organs. Current data regarding the nephrotoxic effects induced by the Cd is insufficient. Therefore, further investigations are needed to know about the proper mechanism of that how Cd is transported and how it leads to the kidney dysfunction. It could be suggested that HO-1may be a target for therapies in the alleviation of Cd-induced nephrotoxicity.