Water complexities due potential of Hydrogen (pH) in lake waters of kashmir valley

The stability of heavy-metal complexes cannot be accounted by a single factor, each is considered separately in terms of ligands or vice-versa, hence revealing that the stability constants show a large variation in values. The stability constants of heavy-metal complexes in the solution phase are generally considered as being stable or unstable, depending on the strength of the bond between heavy metal ion and ligands. The stability of a complex is very often expressed in terms of the stability constant, which is used to describe the equilibrium behaviour of metal complexes. This paper studies the interacting behaviour of the prototype heavy-metal ions and ligands as found in the water bodies in the lake waters of the Kashmir Valley.