1Principal,
2Professor,
3MSc (N) Student,
Breast and nipple abnormalities like flat or inverted nipples, fissured nipples, are commonly encountered in clinical practice especially in relation to lactation problems in postnatal period. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of self -care management education for mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus on knowledge and self-care skills.
The study used a one group pre-test post-test design and the data was collected from 60 postnatal mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus in KMCH hospital. The pre-test and post-test were conducted before and after the self-care management education on Hoffman's exercise using a structured questionnaire and check list. the descriptive and inferential statistics were done using SPSS 20 to perform frequency mean standard deviation paired t test.
In the pre-test, the mean latch score of postnatal mothers was 5.63 and in post-test there was improvement, and the latch score was 8.58 with the mean difference score as 2.95 which was statistically significant (p<0.001). After Hoffman's exercise, in post -test, none of the mothers were having inadequate level of latch score which showed the effectiveness of Hoffman's exercise on level of breast feeding among postnatal mothers with nipple defects.
Gestational diabetes mellitus, Hoffman's exercise, Self-care skills
