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The present paper describes and analyses issues of tribal development in Bihar. The first section introduces the chapter with some basic trends in demography of tribes in Bihar. The second section describes the major problems of tribes in Bihar. The third section analyzes the tribal development policy with reference to Purnia district in Bihar. The fourth section describes the socio-economic conditions and other facilities in the Purnia district. In this section, we try to explore not only the condition of tribal communities but the overall condition of the district. It is clear that the picture is dismal for the entire district and the region is backward in terms of all infrastructures. In the last section we discussed about the awareness and access of governmental schemes within the tribal communities.