Intermediaries and under proprietary rights of land tenure system in Awadh

Awadh was very important part of united provinces. The land tenure system was very much dependant on Intermediaries in Awadh. According to the historians in the revolt of 1857 Awadh was very much affected and was main centre of this revolt. But some of the intermediaries of land tenure system supported to the Britishers in the revolt so British government has changed his policy and advocated for the intermediaries. In Awadh we found some very prominent intermediaries like Talukdar, Zamindar and Pattidar etc. Role of these intermediaries was very effective in the land tenure system as well as in the society. We can see the changing position of these intermediaries before the revolt and after the revolt. Entire land tenure system was governed by these intermediaries According to existing laws under British rule before independence In respect of land tenure system we found a peculiar phenomena in Awadh region which is Under Proprietary land tenure system. In this system there were many under proprietary land tenure in Awadh land history. In this paper we are trying to explore the legal status and the meaning of these intermediaries which was the backbone of British empire in north India specially in Awadh region.