Antioxidant capacities of fruit extracts of Garcinia indica with different assays and maturity stages

This study provides a basis and principle for developing an integrated antioxidant assay of Garcinia indica (kokum). Three maturity stages (unripe, medium ripe and fully ripe) of kokum fruit were analyzed for their total phenolic contents (TPC), 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl-scavenging ability (DPPH-SC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and oxygen radical antioxidant capacity (ORAC). Significant correlations were obtained for the four assays used (r ranging from 0.380 to 0.767, all p < 0.01). Two-way ANOVA revealed that there were significant effects of maturity stage, and the interaction maturity stages for TPC, FRAP and ORAC, whereas only maturity stage and the interaction term were significant for DPPH-SC activity. Overall, the present results provide basic data for choosing kokum fruits with higher antioxidant activity for direct consumption.