This article sketches the geopolitical context and enumerates the possible reasons for China’s new aggressiveness against India on the disputed Himalayan border. It lists fifteen cases that have been made by various experts to account for Beijing’s inroads into Indian territory and proposes various long-term responses that New Delhi could give to deter further attacks. The paper also highlights the need to harden the line of actual control with state-of-the art electronic warning and defence systems before China does so after creating new facts on the ground”.