(Proceedings, Workshop on Flood and Drought Management, 16–17 September 2004, New Delhi, pp. DM-37).
A conceptual and generalized model for reusing domestic wastewater to cope up drought conditions in small townships and villages has been developed based on experiences in Military cantonments and villages. Recycling of domestic wastewater after complete treatment by technology appropriate for rural Indian conditions has been proposed for nonpotable uses of water and for recharging of ground water by surface spreading in basins. Changes in method of disposal and collection of wastewater, i.e., modification in design of septic tanks to achieve rapid removal of particles and laying sewers at much flatter slopes have been suggested. Various methods for treatment of wastewater have been discussed and suggestions have been made for simple, appropriate and indigenous technology without using electricity or any fossil fuel. Treatment by stabilization ponds is suggested in view of having abundant solar radiation and sufficient land. Use of the treated wastewater for irrigation, development of ponds and recharging of ground water through slow percolation has been advocated. Possibility of direct reuse of wastewater using solar energy in future to take care of non-conventional and emerging pollutants has been recommended.
Self-cleansing velocity, Extended aeration, Stabilization ponds, Non-conventional and emerging pollutants
