Pressurized irrigation systems working on demand have played an important role in the distribution of scarce water resources that otherwise would be accessible to few. They guarantee better services to the users and higher distribution efficiency as compared to traditional irrigation system. Piped irrigation system consists of a complex network of pipes, pumps, valves, reservoirs, storage tanks etc. that transport water from its source to various fields.
Flow changes can occur due to operation of valves, starting and stopping of pumps, or directional changes caused by pipe fittings. Transient pressures are most important when the rate of flow is changed rapidly, such as resulting from rapid valve closures or pump stoppages. Such disturbances, whether caused by design or accident, may create traveling pressure waves of large magnitudes, cavitations, hydraulic and structural vibrations and excessive mass oscillations. Transient flow simulation has become an essential requirement for ensuring safety and the safe operation of on-demand pressurized irrigation systems.
This paper discusses the causes and effects of surge pressure in piped irrigation system. It describes the importance of proper system design and management to ensure a cost effective, long-lasting irrigation system. Also, a case study is included for clear understanding of importance of transient analysis. It is the aim of this paper to create greater understanding of how pressure transients are caused and of the need to consider pressure surge effects prior to finalizing of pipe size, pipe classes, pipe material & other parts necessary to operate a pressurized pipe irrigation system.
