Integrated approach on suppression of Parthenium hysterophorus L.

In vitro use of Fusarium oxysporum suspension inhibited seed germination by 68% and seedling mortality by 76%. Direct spray on seeds of Parthenium was found most effective over seed treatment when manual uprooting + F. oxysporum + glyphosate were used together, reduced 98.7% Parthenium population under field conditions followed by manual uprooting + glyphosate treatment. However, growing growth suppressive plants did not show significant suppression of Parthenium plant population.