Reviewing and Identifying the Challenges achieving the Knowledge-Based Economy in Iran from the perspective of academics

The knowledge-based economy is an economy which is directly based on production, distribution, and consumption of information and knowledge (OECD, 2001). The term “knowledge-based economy” and “information economy” have been entered in 1960s into the America's economy literature, but the changes in 1990s revived this term again.

The main incentive for growth in knowledge-based economy is creating wealth and employment across all field of activities. So that many institutions and organizations have identified knowledge as the production factor in recent years and have put assessing of the role of knowledge in global competitions in their agenda. Knowledge is useful in economics only if it is used. In other words, the knowledge will reach to its complete capacity when it can produce economy value and this happens whenever the knowledge can be entered and absorbed in products, organization trends and the process. Knowledge-based economy is induced in individuals by training. Therefore, the human capital counts as a critical and valuable element in knowledge-based. Investing in science education, research and development is essential to reach a suitable human capital. This study aimed to firstly review definitions, symbols and features of knowledge-based economy to explain the issue on transition from classic and neo-calssic economy to knowledge-based economy in Iran; then obstacles and accelerators of this movement which are among the considerable factors in 20-years perspective document have investigated and finally some proposals and solutions founded in the study have been proposed with the explaining research method to fulfill this important step to be taken.