Efficacy and Economics of Bio-pesticides in Management of Whitefly and Tobacco caterpillar in Vigna mungo

Efficacy of Nuclear Polyhederosis Virus SLNPV @ 250 LE/ha, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) 3000 IU/mg @ 1 kg/ha, neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) @ 5%, nimbecidine 0.03 EC @ 0.15% and endosulfan 35 EC @ 0.07% against whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) and tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera litura) in urd bean cv. ND-1 were sprayed at flowering stage and second after 15 days of first spraying. Nymphs and adults of whitefly population and larval population of tobacco caterpillar was counted one day before spraying and on 3^rd, 7^th and 10^th day after application. The highest efficacy against whitefly and tobacco caterpillar was found to be of endosulfan @ 0.07% followed by Bt @ 1 kg/ha, nimbecidine @ 0.15%, NSKE @ 5% and SLNPV@ 250 LE/ha. Highest yield was obtained in endosulfan @ 0.07% (9.52 q/ha) followed by NSKE @ 5% (8.55 q/ha); Bt @ 1 kg/ha (8.46 q/ha) and nimbecidine @ 0.15% (7.12 q/ha).