Management options for litchi fruit & shoot borer, Conopomorpha sinensis: Prospects and challenges

Under changing climatic condition, litchi fruit and shoot borer is becoming a major threat to quality litchi production and leading to more than 70% borer infested fruit in unmanaged orchard. Different management options viz., cultural, bagging of developing fruits, Bio-enhancers/ organic products and safer molecules (IGRs avermectins, spinosyns, diamides) have been found effective against fruit and shoot borer. Therefore, an attempt has been made to review management options for litchi fruit & shoot borer, Conopomorpha sinensis.