Energy efficient protocol in wireless sensor network: Reactive on-demand routing

The most important issue that must be solved in designing a routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks (WSNS) is how to save sensor node energy while meeting the needs of applications/users.

Routing algorithms for wired networks cannot be applied directly to wireless sensor networks, since precise state information of network topology is not available in the wireless sensor network.

In this paper we propose an energy efficient distributed reactive routing protocol for query based WSN (Reactive on-demand Routing protocol). Rod Rachieves a good performance by minimizing energy consumption through least number of packet transmissions during routing table formation. ROdR calculates best three routes on demand to sink from given source through reverse forwarding thus ensures shortest path to the sink node. Our approach further probabilistically balances the transmission load among all the output lines of the nodes by calculating the efficiency of the output lines based on the delay.