Application domain and security schemes for cluster based wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor networks are network of small sensing devices, which collaborate with each other to gather process and communicate over wireless channel information about some physical phenomena. These self-organizing, highly robust and energy efficient networks can be excellent sentinels for monitoring underground mining, wildlife and various physical infrastructures such as bridges, pipelines, and buildings. Many key management schemes have been proposed, but most of them were designed for flat wireless sensor networks, which does not suits cluster-based wireless sensor networks (e.g. LEACH). This paper introduces wireless sensor networks, identifies specific application domains and investigates their scope and usefulness in real world, we also introduce the mechanism for adding security to cluster-based routing protocols for wireless sensor Networks consisting of sensor nodes with severely limited resources and a security solution for LEACH, a protocol in which the clusters are formed dynamically and periodically is identified.