Evolution of new version of internet protocol (IPv6): Replacement of IPv4

Taking into consideration today's scenario internet is becoming a vital part of modern life. The basic functioning of Internet is based on Internet Protocol (IP). As we were using IPv4 but it has resulted in an unwanted growth issue. The reason behind its detonation is the brisk use of network addresses which leads to the decrement in the performance for routing. So in the coming years the unease of the internet will not decrease and the increase cannot be imagined with so much advancement in the technology. So to achieve this evolution in Internet there is a need for transition from IPv4 to IPv6. IPv4 address spaces has finally drained and IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority) is left with no choice as to move towards the transition from IPv4 to IPv6. This paper reevaluates the main issue and the complications in IPv4- IPv6 transition and proposes the principles of tunneling and translation techniques. In this we surveys the mainstream tunneling and translation mechanisms, it new mechanism, techniques, pros and cons and appropriateness.