Phylogeny and inter-relationships in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) and related species using RAPD and ISSR markers

Black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) has its origin in Western Ghats of Southern India and over 18 related species of Piper have been reported from this region. The present study was undertaken with a purpose of using molecular markers to augment the taxonomic and biochemical studies in elucidating the phylogeny and inters relationships among South Indian black pepper. Twenty four taxa representing 22 species, 19 South Indian and five exotic species, of Piper were profiled with 20 RAPD and seven ISSR markers. The molecular data was analysed and cluster analysis was carried out using unweighted pair group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) function and a dendrogram showing genetic relationships were constructed with the Unweighted Pair Group Mathematical Average. The study clearly separated indigenous Piper species from exotic species of Piper and supported the present understanding of systematic relationships among south Indian Piper spp.