1Emergency Medicine Physician International Medical School (IMS), Faculty, Management & Science University, 40100, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
2International Medical School (IMS), Management & Science University (MSU), Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
3Faculty of Medicine, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia
Trauma is major cause of morbidity and mortality in both developed and developing countries. Hemorrhage as a cause for hypovolaemic shock is the most common cause of volume loss, necessitating fluid resuscitation. Early identification of hemorrhage is difficult when the there is an occult bleeding site. This study explored the potential use of the echocardiograph in the Emergency Department (ED) for detecting blood loss. 31 healthy blood donors were selected over a period of six months. The enrolled donors were examined by transthoracic echocardiographic before and after blood donation in supine position. The ejection fraction was found to be increased in both M-mode and Bi-plane. However, the increment in Mmode was found to be statistically non-significant after the 15% loss of total blood volume with (P > 0.05). While the ejection fraction (Bi-plane) increment was found to be statistically significant with (P = 0.049). Doppler echocardiograph method should expand its applicability for measuring cardiac output in ED for early detection of hypovolemia.
Cardiovascular parameters, Hypovolaemic shock, Echocardiograph
