Humanly fluids detection using non-destructive techniques

The kind and origin of the human fluids retrieved from a crime spot might give essential information for reconstruction of crime scene by establishing a link between activities of sample donors and actual criminal. There are many methods for identifying body fluids that have been developed throughout the past that include chemical testing (spot and laboratories testing), immunological tests, tests for protein catalytic activity, spectroscopic techniques, and microscopy. However, some of this technique tends to have destructive nature, therefore, the development of nondestructive procedures is urgently needed. In forensic science, vibrational spectroscopy is becoming more and more common. This technique is quick, quantitative, confirming, and non-destructive. they are model techniques because of their characteristics and their automated nature. An overview of the research is attempted in this review that has reported using a non-destructive technique in combination with chemometrics (particularly ATR-FTIR spectroscopy) to analyse human fluids.