Sternal Wound Infections: Perioperative Management and Nursing Consideration

Sternal wound Infections (SWIs), a potentially life-threatening complication after cardiac surgery associated with increased mortality and morbidity. They occur in 1% to 3%of patients undergoing open heart surgery and carry a 20%to 40%mortality rate. The development of Sternal Wound Infection often has a late onset and is usually detected only after discharge. Early detection and aggressive treatment with culture-directed antibiotics, debridement, drainage and immediate wound closure using muscle flaps are necessary to reduce the recurrence of sternal infections. Nurses caring for cardiac surgery patients must be expert in promoting wound healing and early recognition of Sternal Wound Infections and sternal dehiscence. Timely collaborative care will improve patient outcomes and reduce the cost of treatment.