Over time, there have been several health-care challenges emerging in India. In response, various actors like state and civil society organisations (CSOs) are engaged in controlling diseases and tackling their adverse impacts on individuals. However, factors like inadequate state intervention and the CSOs’ advantage of having grassroots base influence CSOs in provisioning health-care services to people. Since the late 1980s, several changes have occurred in the sector of heath. In the era of globalisation, CSOs’ involvement in health sector is further legitimised. During the time, the emergence of HIV/AIDS, as a major health challenge, has also called for the engagement of several actors including the intervention of CSOs towards provisioning services to HIV-positive people. The paper analyses the role of CSOs and limitation associated with their actions. The results show that CSOs while delivering health services are supplementing the efforts of the Karnataka state. At the same time, they remain subject to certain limitations and inadequacies. Their reach to beneficiaries, in provisioning services like rehabilitation, medical facilities and jobs remained limited.
