Education levels among small holders in Punjab

This study, in a comparative framework, provides the educational levels among the small holders for the-state of Punjab. It is based on primary data collected from 240 small holders, 101 marginal farmers and 139 small farmers, through stratified random sampling, from all six agro-climatic zones of Punjab viz. Foot Hill Zone, Central Zone, Northern Malwa, Eastern Malwa, Southern Malwa and Western Malwa. The study provides education levels separately for males, females and persons for seven census specified stages of-education: illiterate, primary, middle, matriculation, senior secondary, graduation, post-graduation and-others. The analysis shows noticeable variations in educational attainments across agro-climate zones with Foot Hill Zone at top and Southern Malwa at the lowest. Educational levels varied among sexes, between small and marginal farmers and in general remained at lower level among small holders. The-study argued for strengthening of human capital base of the farming community for realization of higher stage of social and economic transformation of rural economy of the state.