Long-term changes in adoption status of production practices of wheat in sub-mountainous Punjab

The survey was conducted to study input use in the paddy-wheat cropping pattern in Ropar district of Punjab over the period 2012-2021. Information regarding varieties sown, pesticide usage, sowing methods, fertilizer use, and improved techniques followed. Data was gathered through in person interviews from the farmers of selected district. A perusal of the data revealed that share of recommended wheat varieties has increased from 69.83 percent in 2012 to 94.59 percent in 2021. Awareness regarding importance of conservation tillage has led to increase in area under Happy seeder, Super seeder and zero till drill. In case of use of weedicides also, use of un-recommended brands for weed control have declined over the years. This study also revealed the usage pattern of Nitrogen and Phosphorous fertilizers. A majority of the farmers used 90 kg of urea per acre (58 percent), and 50 kg of DAP per acre (70percent). The understanding of the farmer practices at grass root level is essential for formulating recommendations and policies for uplifting farming community.