An Empirical Analysis of Input Use Dynamics in Punjab Agriculture

This study analyzed the agricultural input use patterns from 1990-91 to 2021-22 in Punjab’s agriculture using the secondary data. The findings of the study revealed that there has been significant increase in area sown more than once and gross irrigated area in the state during the study period. The area under total cereals has increased significantly, while, pulses and oilseeds exhibited significantly declining trends. Fertilizer consumption, particularly nitrogenous and potassic types, has risen significantly, underscoring its critical role in productivity enhancements. Irrigation patterns indicated a growing reliance of state’s farmers on tube wells. The study also highlighted changes in pesticide usage, reflected evolving agricultural practices. Overall, while there has been improvement in yield of major crops and mechanization in the state. the future policies should focus on resource-efficient practices and mitigating environmental impacts to ensure long-term agricultural growth and resource conservation in Punjab.