A comparative study of oxidants, antioxidants and lipid profile between Type-1 Diabetes Mellitus and Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus

Oxidative stress is currently suggested as mechanism underlying diabetes and diabetic complications. A comparative study was carried out to evaluate the oxidant, antioxidants and lipid profile parameters status between Type-1, Type-2 DM and healthy controls respectively.

The present study includes 30 Type-1 DM, 30 Type-2 DM patients and 30 healthy, age and sex matched controls respectively. Fasting glucose, fructosamine, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Vitamin A, uric acid, creatinine and lipid profile parameters were measured in all the subjects respectively.

MDA level was increased significantly in Type-2 DM than Type-1 DM (p = 0.0000001). Fructosamine, SOD, CAT, Vitamin E, Vitamin C and Vitamin A levels were significantly decreased in Type-2 DM than Type-1 DM respectively. The difference in the means of each parameter between Type-2 DM and Type-1 DM is statistically highly significant respectively (p = 0.0000001). There was no significant difference in Uric acid level between Type-2 DM and Type-1 DM (p = 0.214116). Total cholesterol and TAG were significantly increased in Type-2 DM than Type-1 DM (p = 0.0000001) respectively. HDL level was significantly increased in Type-2 DM than Type-1 DM (p = 0.000067). LDL level was increased significantly inType-1 DM than Type-2 DM (p = 0.000002) respectively.

Our study shows severe oxidative stress and decreased antioxidants in Type-2 DM than Type-1 DM. Therefore Type-2 DM patients are more prone for oxidative damage and hence diabetic complications than Type-1 DM. DM patients should also be treated with natural antioxidants.