Rupture of Gravid Uterus-A Demographic Study of Risk Factors and Pregnancy Outcome

To study demographic factors, risk factors, site, type, clinical presentation, management and maternal - fetal outcome of rupture uterus and to develop the strategy to prevent this catastrophe.

70 cases of uterine rupture managed in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Zenana Hospital, SMS Medical College, Jaipur from January 2009 to June 2010 were analysed.

54.29% women were emergency admissions, 87.14% women were between 21–35 years of age and 71.43% women were para 1 and 2. Scarred uterus was leading predisposing factor (78.57%). Most common clinical presentation was fetal distress (40%). Complete rupture was seen in 57.14% and 81.43% had lower segment rupture. Uterine repair was done in 67.14% with or without tubal ligation. Most common maternal morbidity was anemia (51.43%), maternal death occurred in only 1 woman and fetal mortality was 44.29%.

Uterine rupture is a potentially preventable complication with proper antenatal and intranatal care, identification of high risk cases, early referral to higher centres and education of the people about benefits of supervised pregnancy and delivery.